Close Skyrim and back up your save files. The most important information is that regardless of how you behave during them, both parties will eventually reach an agreement and you will be able to force the Jarl of Whiterun to set your plan of catching the dragon into motion. Our guide discusses possible options for negotiations and how to negotiate a truce.
I really don't like the Imperials at all, though. Ulfric will give a speech on how he is only there to negotiate a temporary truce to help the Dragonborn, but nothing more, unless the empire is truly ready to renounce their unjust claim to rule over the free people of Skyrim.